Biochemistry

G6PD deficiency impairs the production of NADPH, leaving red blood cells vulnerable to oxidative stress, which leads to hemolytic anaemia when exposed to triggers like fava beans or certain infections. Option A is incorrect because megaloblastic anaemia is typically caused by vitamin B12 or folate deficiency, not G6PD deficiency.

Each turn of the Krebs cycle metabolizes one acetyl-CoA to yield three NADH, one FADH2, and one GTP, which collectively produce approximately 10 ATP equivalents via oxidative phosphorylation. The larger number of 38 ATP represents the theoretical maximum yield from the entire aerobic oxidation of a single glucose molecule.

G6PD deficiency impairs the production of NADPH, leaving red blood cells vulnerable to oxidative stress, which leads to hemolytic anaemia when exposed to triggers like fava beans or certain infections. A diagram for this topic isn't available yet — the worked example below walks the same reasoning step by step.

• !Option A is incorrect because megaloblastic anaemia is typically caused by vitamin B12 or folate deficiency, not G6PD deficiency.
• !While hexokinase and pyruvate kinase also catalyze irreversible steps in the pathway, they are not the primary rate-limiting regulators.

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