Logical reasoning
⏱ ~3-min readAceMark Guide
What this topic is really about
The premises only state that every cat belongs to the broader set of animals and that some members of the animal set are dogs; this does not establish any necessary link between cats and dogs, so no definite conclusion can be drawn, making option D correct. Option A ('All cats are dogs') falsely assumes the subset relationship, while options B and C infer specific overlaps that the given information does not support.
The code shifts each letter forward by three positions in the alphabet, where R (+3) becomes U, O (+3) becomes R, and so on. Applying this same +3 shift rule to SWAN yields V (S+3), Z (W+3), D (A+3), and Q (N+3). Distractors like VXDQ are incorrect because they fail to apply the correct shift to the letter W.
See the mechanism
The code shifts each letter forward by three positions in the alphabet, where R (+3) becomes U, O (+3) becomes R, and so on. A diagram for this topic isn't available yet — the worked example below walks the same reasoning step by step.
An exam-style question, fully explained
If ROAD is coded as URDG, then SWAN is coded as:
- Identify what the question tests: If ROAD is coded as URDG, then SWAN is coded as:.
- The code shifts each letter forward by three positions in the alphabet, where R (+3) becomes U, O (+3) becomes R, and so on.
- Applying this same +3 shift rule to SWAN yields V (S+3), Z (W+3), D (A+3), and Q (N+3).
- Distractors like VXDQ are incorrect because they fail to apply the correct shift to the letter W.
Traps the examiner sets
- Distractors like VXDQ are incorrect because they fail to apply the correct shift to the letter W.
- Option B is incorrect because Q is explicitly stated to be shorter than P.
Test your recall
Answer each from memory — you'll see instantly whether you're right and why.
Run a focused 10-question mini-mock on Logical reasoning and see it stick.
Practice more of this topic →