Network access
⏱ ~3-min readAceMark Guide
What this topic is really about
On an 802.1Q trunk, frames belonging to the native VLAN are sent untagged. The native VLAN must match on both ends or a mismatch occurs. It does not encrypt traffic, and a trunk by default allows all VLANs but tags them — only the native VLAN is untagged.
copy running-config startup-config saves the active configuration in RAM to NVRAM so it survives a reboot. copy startup-config running-config does the reverse (merges saved into active), and reload restarts the device, discarding unsaved changes.
See the mechanism
copy running-config startup-config saves the active configuration in RAM to NVRAM so it survives a reboot. A diagram for this topic isn't available yet — the worked example below walks the same reasoning step by step.
An exam-style question, fully explained
Which command saves the running configuration to NVRAM on a Cisco IOS device?
- Identify what the question tests: Which command saves the running configuration to NVRAM on a Cisco IOS device.
- copy running-config startup-config saves the active configuration in RAM to NVRAM so it survives a reboot.
- copy startup-config running-config does the reverse (merges saved into active), and reload restarts the device, discarding unsaved changes.
Traps the examiner sets
- Read each option carefully — distractors on Network access are designed to look plausible.
- Re-check the exact wording of the question stem before committing to an answer.
- Watch the qualifiers ("always", "only", "except") that flip a correct-looking option.
Test your recall
Answer each from memory — you'll see instantly whether you're right and why.
Run a focused 10-question mini-mock on Network access and see it stick.
Practice more of this topic →